Conceptual foundations and methods for causal inference, using causal diagrams as well as the potential outcomes framework. Identification and estimation of causal effects in randomized control trials and observational studies. Course Information: Extensive computer use required. Prerequisite(s): STAT 481 or IDS 371; and STAT 382 or IDS 462. Recommended Background: Familiarity with statistical packages such as R, Stata, and/or SAS is recommended.